Pest Management in Rice-Current Status and Future Prospects
IV.CULTURAL METHODS:
Crop husbandry practices that have a dual purpose of crop production and protection form
the cultural methods. These practices were developed by the farmers through observation and
trial and error. The insect control component of these practices, learnt through generations is not
practiced and carried forward by the present day farmers. Cultural, mechanical and physical
methods of control are often complementary. The practices that have been followed such as
hand picking, roguing, trap cropping, mixed cropping and barrier crops are found to be beneficial
(Litsinger, 1994) except a few practices which are discussed below.
i. Age of seedlings: Yields of modern cultivars decline dramatically when older seedlings are
planted but traditional cultivars by and large are not affected by seedling age. In both cases,
effects of seedling age on pest suppression are inconsistent. Now with the popularization of
System of Rice Intensification technique, the effect of planting 14-day old seedling on rice insects
needs to be studied.
ii. Synchronous planting vs. Asynchronous planting: The promotion of synchronous planting as a
means of controlling pests is often cited in the literature (eg. Loevinsohn et al., 1993) and is one of
the IPM tactics in vogue in many areas. The assumption is that non-synchronous planting patterns Page | 9
For more Information contact: Visit Rice Knowledge Management Portal http://www.rkmp.co.in
Rice Knowledge Management Portal (RKMP)
Directorate of Rice Research,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030. Email: naiprkmp@gmail.com, pdrice@drricar.org, shaiknmeera@gmail.com
Ph: 91-40-24591218, 295 Fax: 91-40-24591217
promote pest problems because they give the rice pests a constant source of food. That analysis,
however, is based solely on a plant-herbivore model, and does not take into consideration natural
enemies and alternative prey. Examination of patterns of the BPH outbreaks in Northwest Java
from 1986 to 1991 (Sawada et al., 1991) revealed that the rice BPH outbreaks are more prevalent
and more serious in the synchronously planted areas than in the non synchronous planted
(‘staggered’) areas nearby. These differences were attributed to high levels of pest mortality
caused by the natural enemies in the staggered areas.
Similar results were found in Malaysia (Wada and Salleh, 1992)
IV.CULTURAL METHODS:
Crop husbandry practices that have a dual purpose of crop production and protection form
the cultural methods. These practices were developed by the farmers through observation and
trial and error. The insect control component of these practices, learnt through generations is not
practiced and carried forward by the present day farmers. Cultural, mechanical and physical
methods of control are often complementary. The practices that have been followed such as
hand picking, roguing, trap cropping, mixed cropping and barrier crops are found to be beneficial
(Litsinger, 1994) except a few practices which are discussed below.
i. Age of seedlings: Yields of modern cultivars decline dramatically when older seedlings are
planted but traditional cultivars by and large are not affected by seedling age. In both cases,
effects of seedling age on pest suppression are inconsistent. Now with the popularization of
System of Rice Intensification technique, the effect of planting 14-day old seedling on rice insects
needs to be studied.
ii. Synchronous planting vs. Asynchronous planting: The promotion of synchronous planting as a
means of controlling pests is often cited in the literature (eg. Loevinsohn et al., 1993) and is one of
the IPM tactics in vogue in many areas. The assumption is that non-synchronous planting patterns Page | 9
For more Information contact: Visit Rice Knowledge Management Portal http://www.rkmp.co.in
Rice Knowledge Management Portal (RKMP)
Directorate of Rice Research,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030. Email: naiprkmp@gmail.com, pdrice@drricar.org, shaiknmeera@gmail.com
Ph: 91-40-24591218, 295 Fax: 91-40-24591217
promote pest problems because they give the rice pests a constant source of food. That analysis,
however, is based solely on a plant-herbivore model, and does not take into consideration natural
enemies and alternative prey. Examination of patterns of the BPH outbreaks in Northwest Java
from 1986 to 1991 (Sawada et al., 1991) revealed that the rice BPH outbreaks are more prevalent
and more serious in the synchronously planted areas than in the non synchronous planted
(‘staggered’) areas nearby. These differences were attributed to high levels of pest mortality
caused by the natural enemies in the staggered areas.
Similar results were found in Malaysia (Wada and Salleh, 1992)
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