Horticulture :: Vegetables::Gherkin

Horticulture :: Vegetables::Gherkin

Gherkin (Cucumis sativus var. angaria) Cucurbitaceae Hybrids: Soil Well-drained sandy loam with a pH range of 6.0 to 6.8 is optimum. Seed rate 800 g per hectare. Sowing Sow the seeds at 30 cm spacing on sides of the ridges with 2 seeds per hill after treating with Trichoderma viride @ 4 g or Pseudomonas @ 10 g or carbendizim @ 2 g/kg of seeds. Preparatory cultivation Apply 25 t/ha of FYM. Prepare ridges and furrows one metre apart. Manuring  Apply N - 150 kg, P - 75 kg and K - 100 kg/ha in 3 equal splits i.e., basal, three and five weeks after sowing. After cultivation Earth up the plants 25 days after sowing. Provide support to plants as and when vines start trailing. Drip irrigation Install drip system with main and sub-main pipes and place the inline lateral tubes at an interval of 1.5m. Place the drippers in lateral tubes at an interval of 60 cm and 50 cm spacing with 4 LPH and 3.5 LPH capacities respectively. Field preparation Raise beds of 120 cm width at an interval of 30 cm and place the laterals at the centre of each bed. Fertigation Apply the recommended dose of fertilizers viz., 150:75:100 Kg NPK / ha fertigate on every third day after sowing. Plant protection Pest Minor pest To control leaf miner, white fly, aphids and thrips spray Dimethoate 1.5 ml/l or Monocrotophos 1.5 ml/l or Malathion 1.5 ml/l. Diseases Spray Carbendazim 0.05 % (0.5 g/l) to control diseases. Harvest The crop is ready for harvest in 30-35 days. As the tender immature fruits are meant for canning the price of the produce is decided by the stage of maturity. Smallest fruit (stage 1) which will weigh approximately 4.0g (250 fruits per kg) will fetch the maximum price followed by stage 2 and stage 3. To maintain the grade the harvesting of fruits should be done every day. A day’s break would end up with outsized or overgrown gherkin means loss to farmer. Avoid sharp sun and high temperature while harvesting. For this picking of fruits must be none in the very early morning or late evening. Harvest the fruits by retaining the stalk on the plant. Harvested fruits must be collected under shade. Flower head has to be removed from fruit. Water should not be sprinkled on harvested fruits at any stage. Even if there is surface water during harvest it should be dried by aeration. For collection of fruits jute bags alone have to be used and plastic bags should be totally avoided. The harvested produce should be transported to the factory on the same day before dusk. Leaving the gherkin unprocessed overnight would result in poor quality produce. Yield 10 - 12 tonnes/ha in 90 days.